Effective communication Essay Example for Free

Effective communication EssayUnderstand the principles of developing affirmatory relationships with children, puppyish people and adults. explain why effective communication is important in developing positive relationships with children, young people and adults.Effective and good communication is paramount when working with children, young people and adults within a school environment. Maintaining an honest, positive and supportive attitude at all times will help to develop strong relationships and lay down trust, e.g if a child lacks in confidence and isnt a good communicator, by having a supportive, caring and positive approach towards them it may then move on them to confide in you if they have things that concern them. When we communicate we must make sure the person we are talking to feels at ease, using positive personate language like nodding, having happy facial expressions and using the proper(ip) tone to our voice as verbal and non-verbal skills are very import ant in creating the right impressions. Adults communicating positively with other adults is key to teaching children how they should communicate with each other, as young children will copy adults so you must show them what is acceptable in building positive relationships.Read moreReasons for communicationessayIf good communication is established between the child, staff and parent/carer then a parent/carer would be more likely to offer support to the school, which will in turn create a positive environment for the child. If you communicate healthy with other staff members then this will show other adults that you can discuss concerns about a particular child or offer input signal into lesson planning. Good communication does not happen by chance it is something that needs to be thought about as if communication breaks down or in that location is a misunderstanding this can lead to ill feeling as the slightest facial expression could be be misunderstood. A key skill to a good co mmunicator is to listen to other peoples views and respect them, even if they are different to yours and work as a team trying to ensure it is a positive environment.

Modern Drama Essay Example for Free

Modern Drama Es consecrateThrough Shakespe ar, came the birth of four major tragedies Hamlet, King Lear, Othello, and Macbeth. Shakespe atomic number 18s Hamlet made tragedies problematic. The play was each(a) about whether it was right to take vengeance into your own hands, or whether you should delegate justice into the organs of the state. Arthur Miller, who turned the ordinary composition into a figure of sad stature in Death of a Salesman, felt obliged to the axiomatic laws of tragedy, and so wrote two essays, which he used to develop his ideas on, Tragedy and the Common military man and The Nature of Tragedy. In these two essays, Miller talks about tragedies that are appropriate for a modern audience. Because we differ from the renaissance audience due to an rise to power in democracy, our sense of individualism has also been enhanced, alongside the principles of equalitarianism. We all step very important, and every subject feels as signifi merchant shipt as the next, so we al first-class honours degree for respond to tragedies that address our experience as a pose to that of a king or queen. Shakespearean tragedy was about the high born who were brought low by some flaw in the nature of their society.On the contrary, Miller thinks that in tragedy, the protagonist or hero should be a common man and should bear very little, if any resemblance to a man of high statute. In his essay, Tragedy and the Common Man, Miller suggests that the common man is as minded(p) a subject for tragedy in its highest sense as kings were. He goes on to discuss the sense of personal dignity, and of how tragedies deal with noble passions. He amply suggests that a tragic protagonist should be a denotation, ideally the common man, who does not remain passive in the face of their oppression or subjugation. This character should fight for his or hers immensivation.Miller, in first essay discusses, Tragedy and the Common Man. The renaissance conceptions of tragedy involve a tragic protagonist who is high born. It is with some character flaw, through concentrated hubris in his mind, which usually leads to a downfall. Miller says every one of us is a common person in a modern, democratic, individualised society. In this condition, every person is a hero in the drama of their own lives, whilst before, when the whole society was homogeneous, and everybody knew their place in cosmic order. Every person was subordinated into the larger design.Thus, important was the part they played in Gods design, and so individual pulses were passed with no significant meaning. Miller reflects upon how modern tragedy should be of a normal, common person. In addition to this, he also articulates his perspective, that in the modern world, because we have a heterogeneous society and do not all share the same beliefs, we do not believe in the same values, so we disagree on what is heroic. People feel it is more difficult to spell out tragedy because there are no w idely shared ideas or values. In a tragedy, you have to have a protagonist who has the qualities that everybody believes in.He has to be one who fights against the corruption of certain aspects in the world. Every one of us fears, at the core of our being, our displacement from what we consider our position in society, our just. Therefore, what Miller does, is to say that his protagonists will not remain passive in the face of his oppression he would rather die than accept a compromised existence. Tragedy, to most, bureau death and sadness, and Miller feels this is not so. Millers perception of tragedy is that true tragedies are those works of literature that provide for us an optimistic view on human capability.We are inspired to ensure no person, whatever his or her nobility, oppresses us, and so look ubiquitously for sources of our subjugation. We begin to question things we would otherwise consider as customary or natural, and by so doing, we are helped in challenging the sou rces of oppression through these dichotomies. In his next essay, Miller discusses The Nature of Tragedy. There are many elements, which are highlighted, in this particular composition. However, the two dominating endeavorures, which are included, are of the discrepancies between melodrama and real drama within a novel or narrative based on the tragic mode.The concepts that these two conflicting drama types adopt are divulged in this essay, and so can be called upon as one of the centrepieces of this thesis. Melodrama is a specific means of writing, in the sense that it is very artificial. The melodrama type flourished in the Victorian period, and would often circulate around traumatic events. With this, a distinction between the two disparities can be accomplished. Melodrama deals objectively, with characters, which lack realism. These specifically chosen characters do not possess the complexity of real human beings, and good and bad, or white and black are clearly demarcated.When we see a melodramatic play, we see one-dimensional characters that have no moral turmoil in their minds hence, the play is all about force out and action. With a melodrama, such scenes become almost obligatory. In a word, the work here described as the play is characterized by extravagant theatricality and by the predominance of plat and physical action over characterization. Conversely, the real drama approach falls far beyond the simplicity evoked in melodrama. Other than the current features of melodrama, a more assertive sense of human representation is applied to supplement real drama.In the same human breast, wickedness and goodness are converged, delivery a mandatory convention into the drama. Furthermore, there is conflict not only between characters, but also within certain internal impulses of the mind, and so a stalemate within the crest of the protagonist is averted without ambiguous contentment. What tragedies do is to provide us, the audience, with enlightenment. W hen we come a commission from the tragedy, we should have been transformed by the event and conformed to its consequences.On exiting the tragedy, we should feel very positive about the potential of the human animal for nobility, and the sacrifice of the protagonist it is often that which helps us to cleanse our selves of dire feelings. At the end of the tragedy, we fulfil catharsis. The emanative thing that Miller involves in his own tragedies is to blend realism and expressionism together in a technique called subjective realism whenever the actual, chips into the past timeline. In addition to this, Miller orchestrates the music of the flute to connote pastoral harmony, amidst other devices.The characters are dressed in attire, used to express humour and the lighting has a gold, cottony hue to it. This infiltration of his dramaturgy seems to release a realistic representation of life in the play throughout. By utilizing such devices, Miller wants to convey, more efficiently, the counseling people actually think. In doing so, he is able to take us into the past, in the same way Willy Loman moves back into this age in time. As humans, we are very fluid. In view of the fact that we have memory, we can look into the distant future.We tend to, in the most time, live in the past and tarry the future whilst dragging the past burden with us. The past always remains, and so we are a part of it. Throughout his existence, Loman carries a strained guilt with him due to a very traumatic experience, which came about eighteen years ago. By so doing, he is barred from accepting certain activities, and so his operation is affected as a human being. Instead, Loman should put that memory to decent use, and by not doing so tragedy is once again insinuated as being the centrepiece of the play, as of course it proves to be in the closing scenes of the play.A brief synopsis of tragedy would be to use its cycle of events to change the world for the better, and the way human pas t interacts with the human present to build the future. In effect, we can travel to any time in the past within a atomic number 42 or two by one recessive sense. By using light and music, Miller achieves this, and shows us how the past, has never passed. To conclude, from his finely crafted essays, we become exposed to what a tragedy really is in its greatest being. We, as humans, thrive on accomplishing the memorabilia recognised as dreams, and when the path leading to it is barraged, we commit almost any feat in order to reach it.The tragedy, eternally undergoing evolution, is when we do commit, and do not face consequences for the deeds, in our lives or thereafter. As human beings, we are perverse, and try to brand ourselves from the animal kingdom, however due to our surreal nature, as with primates, our decree in society is what drives us to commit, indispensably, the things we would otherwise fear. Mohammed Lukman Ahmed 1111 11 SMO Show preview only The preceding(prenominal ) preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.

Burger King HR Essay Example for Free

Burger queen HR EssayBurger poof is a Fast solid viands restaurant graduation exercise opened on December 4th 1945 in Miami, Florida by two gentlemen James McLamore and David Edgerton. However the first Burger might was non cognise as we know it today as it was firstly launched as Insta Burger female monarch. Although it started off as a simple fast food service it is now a large international chain of fast food restaurants. To this day in that location be now more than 11,200 restaurants in 91 countries worldwide.Up until 1989 Burger powers biggest competition was wimpish until they were bought step forward by the by and large growing Burger exponent. At present, Burger pansy is a major franchise across the world, also professing over two hundred ravenous Jacks restaurants across Australia.With over fifty years of experience Burger has vastly grown in the Fast food Indus resolve and dominates a large commercialise shargon a considerable with newfangled-make(p renominal) Fast Food restaurants such as McDonalds and KFC.Roles and ResponsibilitiesIn this divide I am going to explore the various roles and responsibilities of the different positions operable in Burger office.Roles and Responsibilities of a ManagerA conductor runs the business on a day-to-day basis and is responsible for specific tasks such as organising resources for the business.A Burger King Manager considers Burger King runs smoothly and that employees argon functional well through monitoring their work and motif. There ar five secernate business demesnes that Burger King see their managers bespeak to focus on in order for their restaurants to be run efficiently and achieve towering standards. These are* operations Delivering top quality products and restaurant sportsmanlikeliness* Financial Control Maximising profits, controlling cash* People Management Driving results through people providing development facts of life* Sales Building Maximising sales at e very opportunity* Customer Service Delivering the Customer Promise 1Burger King directs for people with sexual love for their work. close to of the let on things Burger King looks for in their managers are* Outstanding client service* Great confabulation skills* Energy, enthusiasm and a hands-on approach* competency to thrive in a team arrive at works relationships* Responsible flexible 2* The cleverness to problem solveRoles and Responsibilities of a SupervisorA supervisor has the power to give instructions, administer disciplinaries and is responsible for the work and conduct of some other employees For Burger King supervisors this ensures employees are monitored and that Burger King runs smoothly. A supervisor is usu anyy the first step away from management and shadow be elicitd to management easily. However a supervisor does not hand the authority to hire fire employees or the authority over bud nonplus.The role of supervisors at Burger King is to promote excelle nt customer service and that all brand standards are reached. They have to have the ability to trigger their workers and encourage team work especially at busy times throughout the day.Also a Burger King supervisor would want to air out the instructions of managers and ensure that employees are working well and completing all tasks to the highest standards but in the quickest time possible.When talking to a Burger King employee he spoke about the five gauzy rule. This means that all food order had to be done in the period of five proceedings otherwise a refund could be requested. This pull aheads burger king as it keeps the waiting time down to a minimum of 5 minutes and keeps the customers flowing in and out of the restaurants.Supervisors need to ensure that this rule is being met through motivation of workers so that profits are not lost.Roles and Responsibilities of an EmployeeAn employee tends to complete the chief(prenominal) day-to-day tasks of a business. Employees s tand either be working full time or part time.Full time workers usually work more than 40 hours a week and get certain benefits such as health damages and a higher wage.Part time workers usually work less than 40 hours a week and get paid less than that of full time workers. Many people who work part time tend to do other activities during the week such as other business organisations or higher education.Whether being a full time or part time employee two should have got the same benefits such as receiving same deliver per hour and health plan.Burger King employees tend to do a variety of tasks such as constituent customers, working in the kitchens and operating the tills. Employees of Burger King who operate the tills and mint orders need to ensure they present themselves in a respectable way and are intimate and helpful as they lead be interacting with customers on a daily basis. This helps Burger King to uphold their well known brand and business for themselves as they n eed to ensure that it is portrayed in the right way.Qualities for Burger KingFor every position in Burger King thither are qualities that you will need to suit it. In this section Im going to explore the different qualities required for the positions at Burger King.Qualities require for a ManagerTo be a successful manager at Burger King you need to ensure that you are adaptable in all situations and have initiative needed to deal with tricky situations. Burger King looks for managers who have satisfactory communication skills and customer relations as they will be working with customers daily. Managers need to make sure that employees are enthusiastic and have energy as theyll be dealing with main aspects of the fast food restaurant such as cleanliness and the production of top quality products.Qualities needed for a SupervisorBurger King looks for committedness and debt instrument in their supervisors. This is beca utilisation they need to be there to supervise their employee s to ensure that they are working well. Also make sure that all resources are available so that employees have the materials they need in order to work. Also a supervisor needs the confidence to be the voice of the employees and voice any worries to the manager so that customers do not bombard Burger King. Also, they need to be respectful and courteous when handling situations and motivating the employees as if not they will not be providing a good role model.Qualities needed for an EmployeeAn employee needs to have a number of qualities in order to succeed at working at Burger King. Some of these qualities consist of* Common Sense* Urgency* Flexibility* Customer Focus* jimmy for others* Teamwork* Honesty* Pride in instruction execution3Employees will be either working with customers or in the kitchen. They need to ensure that their service is fast but of the stovepipe quality to withhold the Burger King fast food name. Employees on the tills have to make sure that they are frien dly even when dealing with tricky customers and learn to be patient. Staff in the kitchens needs to be hygienic and be able to work under pressure when keep an eye oning with the five minute rule.Qualifications needed for Burger KingIn this section I am going to explain the qualifications needed to fulfil the different job positions available for Burger King.Qualifications for an EmployeeFor a new employee applying for a job at a Burger King fast food restaurant there is not any specific qualifications needed. As there is no true skill to being a till operative or part of their kitchen lag, Burger King focus more on the qualities and personalizedities of their employees, rather than what qualifications they whitethorn or may not have.I dont think it is essential for Burger King to have highly suitable till operatives and kitchen staff, as before they begin working in their specific area, they undergo extensive reproduction. This training will teach all new employees how to get the most from their job and also how best to represent Burger King.Qualifications for a SupervisorFor a Supervisor there are also no specific qualifications needed to carry out this position. However, Burger King does look for someone with previous experience of supervising a team. In the hierarchy of jobs in Burger King we skunk intoxicate that supervisors are moreover just above employees. This means that is solo a small step to be promoted from an employee to a supervisor, or which their skills would already be from working in Burger King previously.I believe that Burger King should look for at least five A-C grades at GCSE level when recruiting a supervisor, as this shows that not only are the candidates good in these specific areas, but also have the drive to succeed and achieve highly. Burger King needs to have an enthusiastic supervisor who would be able to incite a team to work well, not just someone looking for higher pay than a lower employee in the hierarchy.Qualifi cations for a ManagerLike the employee and supervisor roles, managers also are not required to have any specific qualifications. However, similar to the supervisor position Burger King looks for previous experience of managerial work. This is essential as they need someone who would be able to deal with tricky customers and also a leader to motivate their team. Without experience, candidates may not be able to cope under pressure or realise the initiative theyd need to use in complicated areas.I think that it is essential for a manager to withhold at least five A-C grade GCSEs as it shows dedication and enthusiasm for their work. It may also benefit Burger King to advertise for people with a specific qualification in a managerial subject, such as Business Studies. This could only ameliorate the rails of the largely expanding fast food chain, as with more knowledge on businesses, more improvements can be made. formulationEmployee training is a necessity as it is a way in which your skills can be demonstrable and motivation to be veer magnitude. Training relates to employees gaining specific skills and abilities to perform well in their jobs.Training at Burger King can vary depending on the position that is being fulfilled. For each member of the management team the fast food restaurant expect a minimum of 12 weeks on-job and off-job training. The usual on the job training programme for a manager during this period is shown belowWeeks 1-3* Gaining Product Knowledge* Leaning the job of a crew member* Counter Service* How to make a whopper* Equipment Knowledge* Supervisory SkillsWeeks 4-5* Basic Food Hygiene* Supervisory Skills raceway* Supervisor Evaluation (observation on the job)Weeks 6-8* Shift Control Skills* Loss Control* Shadowing Manager* Daily Administration* People ManagementWeek 9* Food sentry duty and Product Quality* Basic Management Training Course* Roles and Responsibilities* Team Work* Customer ServiceWeeks 10-12* Shift Running (Under Superv ision)* Feedback on management SkillsAll employees who undergo training at Burger King are not charged however they are expected to fund for the normal brio expenses such as commuting and accommodation costs.For new employees such as till staff and kitchen staff Burger King has a Right Track Training Programme to ensure they have the best start to Burger King. This training programme is a comprehensive induction and training programme covering everything from Health Safety and Food safety through to working in the dining area, front counter or kitchen and how to make each product.Through providing an induction to all new staff it allows new staff to see how theyll be working, where theyll be working and who their fellow employees are. Also how things are done to help them fit in.Burger King believes that all their employees will learn what they need to know by shadowing which is when they work alongside others as well as using their new interactive videodisc Programmes.It would be beneficial for Burger King to carry out an appraisal system but instead of annually it may be more favourable for them to be carried out every few months. This would then help employees to see what they are working well at and what things to improve on these could then be made into targets which success could result in promotion or pay rise. The quicker employees feel wanted, the quicker they are earning money for Burger King.From reviewing staff progress more much it may give employees more motivation to stay working at Burger King for a longer period as they now have aims and goals which could improve their career. This would mean less training costs for Burger King and also in the long run a low staff turnover.At present I believe the techniques that Burger King is using to train their employees and managers, such as shadowing and induction programmes are effective in what they are doing. However, if Burger King want to ensure that employees stay in the job for a longer period it may be beneficial for them to do other training techniques such as training weekends away. This will build team skills and also allow employees to interact with staff from other sectors in which they work in.Motivation in Burger KingIn this section I am going to explore the different motivational theorists and see how their theories affect Burger King.Motivation is having the desire and willingness to do something. A do person can be reaching for either a long-term goal or a short term goal. Motivation is important as if employees are motivated to work it increases the quality of products and indeed the reputation of a business. This is a major factor within Burger King as they are known for a high staff turnover. However, if their staff were more motivated and saw the long term opportunities for working for Burger King, they may be more willing to stay on and try for promotion.Abraham Maslow- Maslows Hierarchy of NeedsMaslows theory mainly revolved around psychology and stated that,As humans meet basic needs, they seek to satisfy in turn higher needs that occupy a set hierarchy.This is Maslows hierarchy of needsMaslow believes that when the first stage is completely fulfilled only then will an employee be motivated enough to step up to the next level and complete it. For example only when an employee has basic needs such as food booze and sleep will they then be able to progress onto their safety needs such as security, limits and protection.In terms of Burger King Maslows theory wouldnt largely affect them. However for all people to work well certain needs need to be fulfilled such as sleep, food and drink. For Burger King Employees I believe that they only really need to concentrate on the first two stages as many employees do not stay long and are only there for the short term. Burger King does provide good hygiene conditions and security.Belonging and Love needs arent really met as although they work in teams Burger King do not provide team building activities such as weekends or any social events.This theory mainly addresses the needs of employees.Frederick Winslow TaylorTaylors primary idea was that workers are mainly motivated by pay. Therefore his theory was that if you break down production into a set of small tasks and only pay for the amount of product each employee produces, this would motivate staff and increase productivity.At the pedigree this seemed like a good idea as productivity increased and workers were only paid for how hard they worked. They began to build specialised skill for the specific area and businesses were more efficient as less staff were needed. However, employees in brief became to disfavor Taylors approach to motivation as they were presumptuousness boring, repetitive tasks and were being treated no better than human machines.Certain aspects of this theory do apply to Burger King. Burger King pays their employees hourly, not piece rate, and has set areas in which people work- these can eith er be tills or kitchen staff. This provides competition between the two areas which can build motivation as to which area can work the best. However Burger King wouldnt realistically be able to pay employees on their productivity as each area has different tasks, some of which cant be measured, such as working on the tills.This theory addresses mainly the performance of employees.Frederick HerzbergHerzberg believed in a two-factor theory of motivation. phone line Enlargement- Workers would be given a greater range of tasks to perform (not essentially more challenging) which should make the work more interesting.Job Enrichment- Involvement of workers being given a wider variety of more intricate, interesting and demanding tasks surrounding a complete unit of work. This should then give a greater sense of exploit.Herzberg used a survey to investigate what people liked and disliked about their jobs and with these results he put them into two categories motivators and Hygiene Factors. His two factor theorem is shown belowMotivatorsHygiene Factors executionCompany PolicyRecognition of achievementSupervisionMeaningful and interesting workPayResponsibilityInterpersonal RelationsAdvancementWorking ConditionsFor Burger King they need to ensure that all hygiene factors are covered so that workers feel safe and happy to be working in a clean environment. For example clean work surfaces and floors. Burger King does already achieve highly good hygiene factors however theyre not providing the best motivation. With this they dont have any achievement within their working days and simply work for pay. This lacks fun and could mean that employees would work better if they had something to look forward to.This theory addresses both the needs and performance of employees. pestilenceIn this section I am going to explain how plague affects the recruitment process in Burger King. From identification of a role to managing change inside the attach to PEST influences how Burger Kin g plans and responds to these influences as it effects the entire recruitment cycle.Pest analysis is concerned with the environmental influences on a business.PEST is an acronym which stands forP- semipoliticalE- EconomyS- SocialT- TechnologyWhen referring to pest you need to think about the followingPOLITICALLocal AuthoritiesCentral Government sevensMinimum WageBase RatesPrivatisationsECONOMIC/ LEGALLawsHealth and SafetyDismissalsMonopolies Mergers and TakeoversConsumer ProtectionSOCIALTrendsLawsHabitsTECHNICALICTTelecommunicationsProductionHuman ResourcesMarketingPEST can be used by businesses to review a strategy or position, direction of a company, a marketing proposition, or idea. Many businesses use PEST analysis for business and strategic planning, marketing planning, business and product development and research reports. PEST analysis is most helpful before completing a SWOT analysis (Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats).PEST can essentially be useful when a busin ess is expanding into new countries and markets as it helps guide a company from making costly mistakes, unfounded assumptions, and help effectively adapt well into a new environment, when considering recruitment and selection.Pest in terms of Burger KingPoliticalMinimum Wage- At present Burger King do comply with the national minimum wage, however if they were to expand into new countries the minimum wage may be different. If it were increased it would mean that Burger King would be paying more for staff and may have fewer funds for other factors of the business such as new technology. If the minimum wage was decreased then this would mean more funds for other factors of the business.Laws- Burger King needs to take into consideration different laws in different countries. In some countries the consequences of breaking these laws could be ominous especially in China where they use capital punishment. Also laws that in force who can be employed by Burger King, for example women and c hildren.EconomicHealth Safety- Burger King need to ensure that their health and safety is of the highest standards. If Burger King were to expand into less developed countries it may mean that they need to improve their health safety aspects. Therefore they would need to consider training within their recruitment process.Monopolies Mergers Takeovers- If Burger King where to expand into other countries they need to ensure that there arent other fast food restaurants who dominate the fast food market as they are less likely to build there own customer antecedent. Also less people would be willing to work for them equald to competing restaurants, which would mean Burger Kings recruitment levels would fall. However, if other countries have fast food restaurants that are not well known, Burger King may be able to takeover these smaller restaurants and expand the Burger King brand.SocialTrends- Burger King needs to take into account what the favourite foods are in certain countries. For example the Whooper Burger may be favourable in certain countries but in others it may be the Cheese Burger.Habits- As Burger King operate in a number of countries they need to be aware of the language barriers which will occur. To ensure these are fulfilled Burger King needs to employee staff who speak the language of the country they are operating in. Therefore training aids would have to be converted into the chosen language.TechnicalICT- As technology is always changing and more developed in certain countries, Burger King needs to ensure that they are with-it if they want to be the best fast food restaurant. For instance they need the best till operations so that transactions are fast and comply with the five minute rule. Also as technology changes it will affect the job training that Burger King offers employees.Production- If Burger King used advanced technology it may mean that they could produce their products in bulk and therefore save time and reduce the costs of their production. With production being affected Burger King would have to look at how to ensure consistency in training and staff development.Through using PEST Burger King can survey what areas they need to consider when expanding into new countries. It would be beneficial to use PEST as it would be easier for Burger King to adapt to new surroundings if they knew the trends and laws they need to abide to. This means that in the forthcoming they could expand into new countries with less difficulty.Recruitment DocumentsIn this section I have created my own personal precondition and Job comment and will evaluate individually.Job DescriptionPost Title ManagerResponsible to DirectorExternal Contexts Members of public and other stakeholdersInternal Contexts Other managers and all general staffSalary 12,600Job PurposeTo take responsibility for your section by making key decisions, ordering goods and leading, motivating and training your team. To enthusiastically lead and motivate the rest aurant team to achieve the highest standards levels of customer service satisfaction.Main Duties and Responsibilities* Manages all daily operations of Burger King to maximise sales and a positive customer experience.* Motivating and training your team to ensure the very highest standards are maintained.* Ensures great food is promptly delivered in a clean and inviting environment.* Take full responsibility for your section to ensure that all transactions run smoothly.* Ensures that each visit by a customer results in a friendly and personalised service.RewardsIn return for your dedication and hard work we offer a competitive salary as well as the following benefits* Medical and Dental insurance* Paid holidays* Vision Care* Life insurance* Bonus Program* Career Advancement OpportunitiesAnalysis of Job DescriptionA job description is a written statement of what a job holder does how it is done, why it is done and the skills needed to perform the job. These include the purpose, duties, equipment used, qualifications, training, physical and metal demands and working conditions.I have created a job description for a managerial position at Burger King. I believe that my job description is effective as the main purpose of it is to describe the roles and duties that the job position undertakes. These need to be in a job description so that the potential employee knows what duties they will be carrying out if they apply for the job.Also in my job description I have added in the rewards of working as a manager in Burger King so that new recruits can see what they will get in return for their dedication to the job. This is effective because it could persuade them to take the job as there are many benefits.I have chosen to layout my job description with headings and sub-headings for each section as it brakes down the study and provides a well say recruitment document. Also I researched into the fonts of job descriptions that Burger King use and used this as a template. Also, I have used the Burger King logo at the top of my document so that all candidates can see what the job is for, before actually reading it.By creating a job description it ensures that only people who believe they can complete the duties of a manager apply to the job and therefore do not waste the time of Burger King.Personal specificationJob Title Burger King ManagerResponsible to DirectorSalary 12,600There are a number of qualities that we look for in our manager. These consist of* all-mains(prenominal) in all situations* Initiative to deal with tricky situations* Good communication skills* Good Customer Relations* Enthusiastic and energised* Flexibility* Team work* Respect for others* Pride in performanceBurger King takes pride in being one of the leading fast food retailers. Our managers need to have the skills to motivate their team and the assertiveness to ensure all work is done smoothly.Also both written and communication skills will be required as you will be workin g with people daily and also need to write reports on your employees, to ensure that their progression is recorded.The relevant work experience that we look for is four or more years in a management or supervisory capacity in a restaurant or in the retail/ hospitality industry.QualificationsThe qualifications we require for our managers are* High school diploma or equivalent, with two years of college or equivalent preferred* Strong math and Windows-based computer literacy* rock-steady Transportation* Open/Flexible ScheduleAnalysis of Personal SpecificationA personal specification is drawn up from the job description and describes the knowledge, skills and attributes that are essential to perform jobs. The criteria must be specific, measurable, and justifiable in relation to the job requirements.I have created a personal specification for a managerial position at Burger King. I have created my personal specification so that it relates to my job description and reflects the skills re quired for competency in the role, as directed in the job description. I believe that this is effective so that the skills on my personal specification relate to the job in hand.My personal specification is successful as is it contains both the skills and qualifications needed to comply with the job. These are needed in a personal specification so that potential employees know what they need to have a chance with getting the job. Without these, Burger King would get too many people applying for the job who are not suitable.I have chosen to layout my job specification with headings, sub-headings and bullet points for key information as this brakes down the information and provides a well ordered recruitment document. Also I researched into the types of job descriptions that Burger King use and used this as a template. Also, I have used the Burger King logo at the top of my document so that all candidates can see what the job is for, before actually reading it.By creating a personal s pecification it ensures that only people with the given qualities and qualifications apply to the job and therefore do not waste the time of Burger King.Interview ProcessIn this section I am going to explain the preparation of an interview, what a good interview consists of and analyse an interview that was carried out.An interview is a conversation between two or more people where questions are asked by the interviewer to obtain information from the interviewee. Interviews can be divided into two rough types, interviews of assessment and interviews for information.Preparation for an InterviewBefore an interview can take place there are a number of factors that need to be considered. Firstly, a business needs to have already produced a job description and personal specification, to which they can compare the candidates qualities and previous work experience to. Not only can these documents help identify a candidates personality traits but also a guide to base the interviewers questi ons around.Before an interview can take place it is essential you know you are going to ask the candidate. These questions need to relate to all recruitment documents including the personal specification, job description and job advert as they focus on the type of employee needed for their company. The questions need to test the candidate on whether their skills are the best suited for the job in hand and to see how they compare to other potential employees.Questions for InterviewIt is vital that the right sorts of questions are asked during an interview as these will determine whether the candidate suits the job or not.To get the most potential from a candidate it is in the best interest of the business to ask both open and close questions. A closed question limits responses to a set number of options, such as yes and no, however these could be used at the beginning of an interview to create a more welcoming atmosphere, for example, How are you? Open questions require the person a nswering to provide a response in their own words, for example, How would you motivate a team? These questions are essential to find out the most about a person including key areas such as skills, qualities and personality.The key to any good interview is to develop on the answers given by the candidate and extend the knowledge of that area, i.e. What examples could you give me of when you have carries that out?The questions asked need to be relevant to the position advertised which is why relating them to the recruitment documents are so important. If you are interviewing for a managerial position you wouldnt ask, How would you deal with difficult customers? as it is flimsy for a manager to spend much time communicating with customers.The Interview TaskFor this task we were put into groups and carried out a panel interview for a managerial post at Burger King.Before we carried our interview out for a managerial position at Burger King there were a number of factors we needed to c onsider* What questions would be suitable and relate to the recruitment documents.* What were the main skills we were looking for to fulfil the position.* How did their personality reflect their interest in working for Burger King.* How were we going to justice their Appearance Attitude Body languageAs the interviewers we decided that it was a necessity for us to dress smart as we would be representing Burger King.On our panel we had three people, all carrying out the same role of asking the candidate questions in turn. We used three people as we were interviewing for a managerial position, which we believe would require more than one opinion on the candidates. This way the interview is less biased towards the potential employee as there is more than one opinion.The type of questions we decided we were going to ask was* Did you find us ok? This helped to create a welcoming atmosphere, to calm any nerves of the candidate.* How have leadership skills benefited you in your previous j ob? This helps the interviewer get a greater understanding of a candidates previous work experience. This could also be checked up on through references.* How do you think your managerial skills can help our business? This helps the interviewee voice the skills and qualities they could potentially bring to Burger King. This is an open question which candidates could go into depth with and best promote themselves.* What do you know about the history of the company? This allows the interviewer to see how much a candidate actually knows about the business of whom they may be soon working for. The more they know about the business suggests the more interested they of having a long-term career there.* If one of the workers was not working to the full of there potential, how would you motivate them? This is an essential question to be asked for a managerial position as they would be in charge of a team, or which they will need to motivate to work well.* If there was an unsatisfied cus tomer, how would you deal with them? This can help the employer get a fuller understanding of how the candidate would work on the daub and in tricky situations.* If one of your employees were late more than once, how would you deal with this? This is a good indication of how the potential employee would discipline their staff.Analysis of my InterviewDuring our five minute interview we were able to ask a variety of questions relating to the role of manager as Burger King. For this position, we were looking for a candidate with previous managerial experience, who had a shrewd interest in the history of Burger King and presented themselves well.Whilst carrying out the interview there were a number of things that our group did well* Asked questions relating to the position of manager.* Asked both open and closed questions.* Kept eye contact with candidates whilst answering and asking questions.* Showed a keen interest in what the candidate had to say.* Had an open body posture, i.e. Arms on the desk not crossed.1 http//www.burgerking.co.uk/CompanyInfo/careers/index.aspx2 http//www.burgerking.co.uk/CompanyInfo/careers/index.aspx3 http//teenzone.monster.co.uk/articles/fastfood/page4/

Role of Social Media in Egyptian Revolution

Role of hearty Media in Egyptian Revolution knock back of Contents (Jump to)IntroductionLiterature refreshBackground of RevolutionMobilization TheoriesUse of neighborly Media in EgyptWe atomic number 18 all Khaleed SaidAsmaa MafhouzUse of neighborly Media during 25th of JanuaryConclusionBibliographyIntroductionDuring the most recent years, the internet has intensified and disseminate in rapid pace like no other phenomenon in the world to twenty-four hour period. Referring to ITU and World bank, from 20000 to 2014, the number of individuals using internet rose, from 390 milion to 2,923 billion (ITU, 2014). This unmistakably demonstrates the impact of internet on our lives and how that more(prenominal) individuals of several(predicate) age at this epoch utilize the web as a part of their regular life to be in touch and correspond with companions or associates, in order to leveraging items, watch films, read daily cuttings, or even just look for data that is important to them. In the old atomic number 6, the initial stage of internet which was excessively known as WEB 1.0 was very limited and mickle could that view the content that was already created for them. However, recently with the technological development there is an increase inter operation betwixt internet user, which has lead to Web 2.0. Web 2.0, contrary to Web 1.0, allows state create and share its own content. Flew (2005) , in few words, compared the feeler of the web from 1.0 to Web 2.0 by describing as a move from personal websites to blogs and from publishing to participation (Flew, 2005). The advent of Web.2.0, new media and sites like Face countersign or Twitter, has allowed people from different parts of the world are able to experience and witness what is happening all around the world. Hence, new media has changed our world. It has broadened our means of communication and allowed us to connect with people across spaces and time in unprecedented ways.The emergence of technolo gies summarized as new media undoubtedly renders new means of activism for the worlds people. Referring to Castells (2007) the recent advantages in engineering science, and how the technology is being used have created a new paradigm that is reconfiguring how billet is negotiated in the public sphere. Therefore, the new media has essential implication for political activists who downstairs this new paradigm are able to as Castell points out build their autonomy, and confront the institutions of society in their own terms projects(Castells, 2007).Many crucial historic events, protest and revolutions were feasible thanks to invention of new technologies through different flowings of history. The discovery of the print in Europe in mid 15th century helped the Reformation 1848 revolutions occurred thanks to the Telegraph System which allowed rapid diffusion of political news across the Europe. Therefore technology continues to have an enormous impact in our lives. Social media has had vast impact even in recent times of political crisis such(prenominal) was the Arab Spring that spread-out in Egypt resulting in what umpteen referred to as Twitter Revolution. harmonizely, I will aim to explore the role and the impact of the cyber activism through platforms such Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, blogs on mobilizing people for collective action. The main(prenominal) research challenge lies on how has the social media impacted and effected the creation of social movements and their mobilization on overthrowing an authoritarian regime as in Egypt during the Arab Spring of 2011.Literature ReviewIn recent years, new social media has been a very key topic which many scholars and academics explored.Professors Liervrouw and Livingst wizard in the Handbook of bracing Media Student Edition (2002), which, gibe to Ellen Wartella, is a the first major review of interactive technologies and their cultural and social context defines social media information and communication t echnologies and their associated social contexts( Lievrouw and Livingstone, 2002). Not everyone agrees with effectiveness of Social media, B.J. Mendelson in his book Social Media is bullshit (2012) tries to expose the myths of social media. He illustrates how the conception of social media first came to importance, and why it has such a prevailing front line in the marketing field. what is more, he demonstrates why the Facebook friends and Twitter followers doesnt non mean nonhing without old-fashioned real-world connections. He hit the bookss famous stories of social media achievements, and reveals approximately unsettling truths behind the surface. Whats more he tells how to best control the potential of the meshwithout spending a fortune in the process (Mendelson, 2012).There is a debate among scholars whether how much the social media plays a role and has an impact on collective action and brining social change by toppling authoritarian regimes.Clay Shirky (2008) is one o f the foremost researchers to develop on the effects of the internet and support the role of social media as a new social tool for mobilization. In his book Here Comes Everybody he argues in favor of Internet effects on shaping. Shirky states that with the creation of social media, a group can be formed without the previous limitations of time and cost. According to him tools that provide simple ways of creating groups lead to new groups, and not just more groups but more kinds of groups (Shirky, 2008). On the other hand, not everyone agrees with Shirkys ideas. Malcom Galdwell, a Canadian journalist, in his 2010 journal is doubtful on the emancipation and empowers aspects of social networking in general. He is skeptical of revolutionary potential of it. Social media, according to him, creates solely weak ties which are not powerful enough for powerful action in the terrain. As he puts once the activists were defined by their cause, while now they are defined by their tool(Galdwell , 2010).Numerous people in the scholarly world, media and policy making circles has attempted to comprehend and pardon the reasons for the Egyptian Uprising in 2011. The mainstream hypotheses range from poverty and suppression to years of aggravation from unfulfilled expectation of a new generation, etc.Mohamed El Bendary, an in force(p) on Middle Eastern Affairs, in his book The Egyptian Revolution Between Hope and Despair, Mubarak to Morsi (2013), offer an account and a chronology of the 2011 Egypts uprising and its outcomes. As an Egyptian-American, he also analysis the US-Egypt relation and see if Egypt can became a democratic country without US economic assistance or intervention in the interior affairs. Furthermore, Tarek Osman a leading world expert in new history of Egypt, in his journal for Cairo Review, gives a depth analysis for the causes of Mubarak bead (Osman, 2011). Also, in his book Egypt on the Brink From Nasser to Mubarak which received universal recognition, h e unfolds the reader with the situation in Egypt by giving a prospective on the remarkable demonstrations of January and February of 2011 and the ousting from power of Mubarak. In the renewed publication of his book, he puts those events solely in the framework of Arab Spring movement that act to distress the inherent Southern hemisphere.Background of RevolutionThe 2011 was a key year in the history of Egypt. Suddenly, an unexpected revolution was taking place before everyones eyes. On 25th January of 2011, which was also a public holiday known as National Police Day, and 11 days after the president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali was toppled from power in Tunisa, Egyptian demonstrators stormed in the streets of Cairo, Alexandria, Suez and began their struggle in order to bring down Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, dissolve assembly, and draft a novel constitution. To analyze the characteristics and the causes of the Egyptian Revolution is important to get familiar with its historical ba ckground.In 1981, after the assassination of Anwar Sadat, the Egyptian people continued living under oppressive and authoritarian regime, hence with a different name. The alleged Modern Pharaoh, Hosni Mubarak became one of the longest leaders in power of the modern Egyptian history, ruling for nearly 30 years. With coming to power, Hosni Mubarak, introduced the Emergency Law, through which military officers and government were allowed to violate peoples privacy and detain them for any period of time, without any reason (Kanalley, 2011). As time went by, people began to feel discontent with his internal and external policy. The gradual worsening of socio economic condition, overwhelming and wide-spread corruption, and gap between rich and poors fueled the irritation and dissatisfaction of Egypts citizens towards his regime (Osman, 2012). A part of the problem was that Mubarak was fully detached and lived isolated from its own people. Tarik Osman writes that people of Egypt knew very little about him personally and he was mostly associated with ceremonials and public events (Osman, 2012). Consequently, the resentment aimed and targeted him personally. During his 30 years in power, people of Egypt only knew him as individual who was responsible for their everyday misery and troubles. This dissatisfaction towards Mubarak, gradually began to turn into violent manifestion of hatred. From 2004, there were many small demonstration where people began tearing his bill-boards and pictures in the street (Osman, 2012). According to Osman, Mubarak in turn responded by relying on containment, coercion and confrontation. Through containment, he wanted to introduce investment plans in order to ease the demands and lessen the compact especially from the middleclass (Osman, 2012). Coercion turn out to be apparent as a tool to maintain any doable challenge, such as annihilating of protest, restriction on civic organization, and the prevalent use of torture (Osman, 2012). On t he other hand, confrontation was done in order to restrain any possible potential political force from challenging him in the near future (Osman, 2012).The pressure, determination, and spirit of youngusters2/3 were under age thirtyfive forced the government to more and more depend on confrontation and coercion rather than containment. However the coercion used by the government gradually started to became unsustainable as the entrancewayibility of Internet and international media gave to population a better consciousness and the prospect to mobilize their dissatisfactionMobilization TheoriesThe impact of Social Media as a tool for collective action and mobilization can be examined through a set of theories. Clay Shirky (2011) is one of the early researchers to develop on social media as a new social tool for collective action. He asserts that throughout the years, the world technology framework has gotten denser, more intricate, and more participatory. Individuals have picked up m ore noteworthy access to data, more chances to take part out in the open discourse, and hence, an upgraded capacity to embrace collective action (Shirky 2011). Thus, according to him these innovations such as, YouTube, Facebook, Twitter has become a reality of life and can help facilitate publics demand for change. People, activists, governmental and non governmental organizations, telecommunications firms are all actors that engage and participate in social media sites.Furthermore a key component of political participation can be explained through Manuel Castells network theory, where he believes that weak ties, anononymosity in internet and characteristics of online communication provide a solid ground for activism (Castells, 1996). According to him, Internet has shaped a space of autonomy for the trade of information and the distribution of feelings of collective indignation and hope. He points that the lnternet network has turn out to be the tangible supporter of an innovative k ind of political activism, an activism that sustains on horizontal networks, on political autonomy, leaderless organization, and baseless solidarity (Castells, 2012). choice mobilization theory is based on the idea that a social movement success depends on the ability to mobilize people through resources such as time, capital, organizational skills, and several social/political event. By referring to this theory, lnternet offers communication bridges that helps a society build up and provide resources that can be used to coordinate protest where government mistrust is huge and civil activism is steadily suppressed.Use of Social Media in EgyptSocial networks such as Facebook, Twitter, Youtube were main actors in providing communitication between protestors and activists. The role and utilization of social media in the Egyptian uprising in 2011 has gathered a considerate amount of interest in the world.We are all Khaleed Said One of the major motives that sparked the hugest outrage in Egypt during that time was the jurisprudence brutality that resulted in the death of Khaled Said . Khalid Said who was only twenty eight years and a computer engeenigering student, when two natural law offers entered in the internet caffe and beat him to death, supposedly for uploading a video in the internet, where police officers are seen sharing the drugs theyve just seized (Bbc.co.uk, 2011). A picture of his corpse in the morgue snapped by his brother with a cellphone, went viral in the internet and caused a major outcry in the public opinion. The image published in the inteternet, according to HRW, showed a fractured skull, dislocated jaw, broken nose, and numerous other signs of trauma (Wedeman, 2010).The jolt and outrage on his brutal death lead to the creation of the Facebook page We Are All Khaled Said which later became influential in future organization of demonstrations of 2011.The Facebook page promptly gathered over 460,000 users who spread around the internet the graphic image of Khaleds disfigured body and YouTube videos contrasting those images with a muscular Said. The day president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali was toppled from power in Tunisa, We are All Khalid Said created an event in Facebook and declared an uprising in Egypt aswell. Approximatly 500.000 member were invited only in Facebook, to the demonstration of 25th of January, where they could signal whether theyd would attend by clicking Yes, Maybe, or No.Asmaa MafhouzSeven days before the 25th of January protest, a women named Asma, posted a video on Facebbok, where she asked the people to take part in the demonstration of 25th. Her video went viral and the strongest aspect of this video was that she was not hydrophobic to show her face and identify herself. According to Good man (2011), the courage of this act, speaking out so forcefully as a women, inspired many others to start posting their images online. Many argue that those affecting calls inspired many to join the uprisingUs e of Social Media during 25th of JanuaryOn 25th January of 2011, which day also coincide with National Police Day, huge demonstrations erupted in the streets of Cairo, Alexandria, Suez. The main reason behind the protest was the excessive abuse of police forces, especially in the case of Khalid Said. Among the requests of protesters were the resignation of Police Minister, the re-establishment of a fair minimum wage, abolishing the emergency law, and mandate restrictions for the president.The protestors plan for the first protest of 25th of January was held though online communication, via different Facebook pages (mainly We are all Khaled) and twitter accounts. Their goal was to increase the number of protests in as much cities as possible, especially mobilize those on poorer regions (deprived from PC and internet), and prevent the police cordons (Nuns, 2011). The police was aware about the protests, but, according to EI Bendary, they were expecting only a few number of demonstrato rs as happened in protests held six years earlier, however they were stunned when they apothegm the enormous number of activists gathered in Tahiri Square (Bendary 2012, pg 20). According to El Bendary, police must have not been aware of the lnternet use in Egypt, which had resulted in a massive digital connectivity.ConclusionThe thesis has analyzed the role and impact of social media in the Egyptian Revolution. Throughout the paper the thesis has grow and examined the role of The lnternet as a vital instrument that was used during the Arab Spring, especially in Egypt, and how it facilitated the revolution. Consequently, the ideas and beliefs that were diffused all the way through social-network sites, lead to a great organization and mobilization for collective political action. Therefore, social media can be very effective in delivering the message and coordinating the activism, however its influence should not be overhyped. There are also many other factors that foster the cha nge.BibliographyBbc.co.uk, (2011).BBC World Service Programmes Egypt We are all Khaled Said. online Available at http//www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/programmes/2011/02/110217_outlook_egypt_protests_khaled_said.shtml Accessed 27 Feb. 2015.Castells, M. (1996).The rise up of the network society. Malden, Mass. Blackwell Publishers.Castells, M. (2009).Communication power. Oxford, UK Oxford University Press.El-Bendary, M. (2013).The Egyptian Revolution.Flew, T. (2005).New media. South Melbourne, Vic. Oxford University Press.Gladwell, M. (2010). Small Change.New Yorker. online Available at http//www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-3 Accessed 27 Feb. 2015.Goodman, A. (2011).http//www.democracynow.org/2011/2/8/asmaa_mahfouz_the_youtube_video_that.ITU, (2014).Statistics. online Available at http//www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/stat/default.aspx Accessed 27 Feb. 2015.Lievrouw, L. and Livingstone, S. (2005).Handbook of New Media. London SAGE Publications.Mendelson, B. (201 2).Social media is bullshit. New York, N.Y. St. Martins Press.Nunns, A., Idle, N. and Soueif, A. (2011).Tweets from Tahrir. New York OR Books.Osman, T. (2012).The Fall of Hosni Mubarak. online Aucegypt.edu. Available at http//www.aucegypt.edu/gapp/cairoreview/pages/articleDetails.aspx?aid=233 Accessed 27 Feb. 2015.Osman, T. (2013).from Nasser to the Muslim Brotherhood. New Haven, Connecticut Yale University Press.Shirky, C. (2008).Here comes everybody. New York Penguin Press.Wedemen, B. (2010).Demonstrators in Egypt rail against brutality, mans death CNN.com. online Edition.cnn.com. Available at http//edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/africa/06/25/egypt.police.beating/ Accessed 27 Feb. 2015.

Reflections On The Professional Use Of Self Social Work Essay

Reflections On The Professional Use Of Self kindly Work EssayAt the heart of social work lies the fundamental belief in human properlys, citizenship and social justice (Fook, 2002). so, social workers argon ordinarily duty-bound to advocate the principles of authority through anti-oppressive lend oneself-importance whilst placing the wishes and needs of clients at the centre of delivery (General Social C be Council (GSCC), 2004 Dalrymple and Burke, 2006). Yet practice is complex not least because the success of some(prenominal) intervention is entwined with the phenomenological attributes of both clients and practicians (Prynn, 2008). Thus, social work practitioners face significant ch each(prenominal)enges such as identifying what they contribute to a relationship, how this touch ons on decisions and what individual and structural power imbalances deviate practice (Fook, 2002). diminutive practice is a conceptual tool which affords practitioners the opportunity to engage in transformational practice whilst recognising the value base and social justice agenda of social work (Fook, 2002). This paper will instructly provide a case study of an experience I encountered as a practitioner. This will because be explored through what Brechin (2000) identifies as the three interrelated domains of hyper lively practice critical analysis, critical reflexivity and critical action. In doing so it will butt on how I have engaged with my ego to identify what I took into practice and the implications this can have in being a transformational practitioner.On commencing my role as a project worker within a residential home for young people with behavioural difficulties I was introduced to seat (pseudonym). basin was fourteen and had a chronicle of anti-social behaviour and a criminal history for burglary and assault although all cases were at least two years prior. John was in care because of a request from his parents who no longer felt they could control his be haviour because his reaction to discipline was oftentimes non-compliance and violence. His file illustrated him as mischievous, yet comical, with recent signs of improved behaviour. He enjoyed partaking in various hobbies however, these were often short-lived with him becoming disinterested very quickly.I worked with John for several months and at a case-review meeting Johns parents informed the bloodshed that he wished to take up case. His parents supported the idea, as did the Social actor because it was thought it may inspire some discipline. I objected because of his criminal conviction of assault. However, the Social Worker dismissed this by indicating that Johns wishes were important and that our role was to empower him. Despite my objections it was agreed that John could attend. John soon attended a boxing rules of order organised and operated by two retired policemen. Approximately one year later John was convicted of aggravated burglary with the victim being an elderly woman.The first domain of critical practice, critical analysis, is pertain with how practitioners evaluate evidence, policies, and knowledge to influence decisions (Brechin, 2000 Glaister, 2008). Furthermore, the practitioner run lows conscious of multiple perspectives and the contextual nature of them (Brechin, 2000 Fook, 2002). Chalmers (200322) claims that practitioners who intervene in peoples lives have a tariff to be informed by rigorous, transparent, up-to-date evaluations. Yet Sheldon and MacDonald (2009) note the reliance on robust evidence being getable and the practitioners having the time, resources and skill-base to adequately evaluate evidence. Indeed, Fook (2002) argues that it is often in the interests of agencies to prevent such approaches as it may lead to increased responsibilities and higher costs.Placing this experience in the context of critical analysis it is unsure at this point what informed the Social Workers knowledge however, it was clear that he wish ed to respect Johns voice. The Social Worker believed John had personal agency and a fundamental right to choose his take life direction. The GSCC (2004) concurs with the Social Worker in-so-far as practitioners should promote independence and respect the clients right to take risks. The Social Worker, as an agent of the call down, was set ahead supported by policies such as article 12 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (19904) which stipulates that any child capable of forming his or her own views has the right to express those viewsand this be given due weight. Indeed, his employer has signed up to this convention (Somerset County Council, 2009).However, practitioners also have an obligation to ensure that these risks are managed and necessary steps are taken to minimise the risk of harm to attend to users or others (GSCC, 2010). I held an alternative view to protect John, and others, from harm. It is clear that both the Social Worker and I had valid p oints, olibanum, being guided by knowledge, policies and theories on their own may result in conflicts about what actions to follow (Banks, 2006).The second domain of critical practice, critical reflexivity, originates from meditative practice and the concept that practitioners learn through experience (Schn, 1983). However, because reflective practice has limited criticalness (Fook and Askeland, 2006) it often fails to bonk deeper processes which impact practice (Fook, 2002). Furthermore, reflective practice can result in negative out numbers such as self-doubt or an acceptance of status quos (Eby, 2000). Critical reflexivity refers to a practitioner who engages in self-criticism whilst being reflective. The practitioner becomes reflexive in questioning pre-established values, assumptions and prejudices (Taylor and White, 2001) and gains an understanding on how this influences negotiated understandings and interventions whilst working across difference (Glaister, 2008 Fook, 2002 ). Because critical reflexivity permits the practitioner to acknowledge the complex nature of the clients circumstances and their perspectives there is an organic acknowledgement of cultural and social disparities (Fook, 2002). Indeed, Allport (1978437) concurs and states how practitioners who engage in inwardness are generally less prejudice, are more tolerant in understanding others, and exhibit a desire for personal autonomy rather than for external, institutional anchorage.Critical reflexivity affords me the opportunity to stare on how my preformed values and assumptions influenced my perspective. Thus, I needed to consider the opposition I held to Johns participation. As a pre-adolescent child I was bullied in school with a finical individual being prevalent in my memory. This individual attended martial arts which he duly practised on me. Ultimately, this had a significant impact on my belief that violence is wrong. Indeed, in relation to John my assumption was that everyone who attended a power sport had the potential to bully. This was hyperbolised by Johns past and thus my opposition to his partaking. Adams (2009) supports my exploration by indicating how our experiences can have an implicit impact on our decisions and in this instance I can identify how my negotiated understanding had become manipulated by my self.The Social Worker adopted a Kantianistic approach by wanting to empower John to make his own life choices. Indeed, the Social Worker wanted to advocate Johns rights rather than impose carers perspectives which is understandable considering the current agenda toward person-centred planning (GSCC, 20100 Kellett, 2009). However, I felt that as professionals there was a justification in adopting utilitarianistic values because the risk of re- benignant in criminal activities was too high. Yet evidently apparent is neither the Social Worker or I respected separately others perspective. However, notably the issues of the Social Workers claims that he wanted to empower John also become apparent. The very notion that the Social Worker wanted to empower John indicates that the Social Worker was actually the one with the power. Yet, the Social Worker has duties and responsibilities beyond the value of empowerment because of his legislated duty to protect John, and others, from harm (Banks, 2006).The final domain, critical action, is concerned with practitioners having a robust skill-base whilst being conscious of its contextual nature. A critical practitioner works across difference to promote empowerment whilst confronting structural oppressions (Brechin, 2000 Eby, 2000). A primary principle of critical practice is the notion that practitioners should be research-minded in understanding the contextual basis of empirical evidence (Shemmings and Shemmings, 2003). Utilisation of the best available evidence is essential to contemporary practice (Sheldon and MacDonald, 2009) and yet despite being a self-evidently a good idea (Tr inder, 20003), evidence-based practice has faced raspy opposition because there is a risk that practitioners may abandon reflexivity and personal agency for technical rationality (Taylor and White, 2006 Webb, 2001). However, this view has been adequately challenged by commentators who state that evidence-based practice, which actually means evidence-informed practice (MacDonald, 2003 Chalmers, 2003) has, when scrutinised, the potential to minimise the risk of harm to service users (Chalmers, 2003). Indeed, evidence-informed practice is the critically appraised synthesis of empirical and experiential evidence (Fook, 2002 Sheldon and MacDonald, 2009).In linking this to my experience with John, it becomes clear that I could not knowingly offer any definitive empirical evidence to support my perspective. However, neither could the Social Worker. In this instinct both the Social Worker and I failed to be research-minded. Thus, in opposition to anti-evidence-based advocates, this experi ence indicates how practitioners can make mistakes when acting on instinct alone. Indeed, a brief search for empirical evidence found a longitudinal study by Endersen and Olweus (2005) which identified how participation in power sports for adolescents with a previous history of anti-social behaviours is likely to result in re-engagement. As John had a previous history of theft, this evidence may well have helped me, the Social Worker, and even John, come to a different decision.Critical action also involves the practitioner developing a consciousness of the often hidden imbalances of power between themselves, agencies and the client (Payne, 2005). Critical practice occurs within the context of theory and consideration of critical theories permits me to understand my construction of power and how this influenced my action, or inaction. For example, Foucault was concerned with language and how discourse can attend to professionals to create natural and unchallengeable situations beca use they are deemed to have knowledge and thus power (Finlay, 200085). Indeed, the Social Worker established, chaired and controlled the case-review meeting. Fook (2002) concurs and argues that professionals utilise societal structures in order to vanquish service users. Taking my earlier point regarding the construction of the case-meeting further it is clear that it was designed by adults with no real consideration about what John wanted. Indeed it is hard to understand why John, or an advocate, was not at the meeting. Yet, even if John was permitted to attend, it is highly likely he would have faced oppression by being forced to engage with the hegemonic language of adults which he would not have understood, thus he would ultimately been oppressed and possibly disempowered (Kehily, 2009). However, Cocker and Allain (2008) contend that service users have the right to take a pro-active role in decision making processes and suggest that the role of the practitioner is to ensure tha t service users are in full informed through the provision of concise information. This clearly did not transpire and thus true empowerment was never apparent.In concluding it is evident a professionals self can impact on the everyday lives of service users and practitioners. As practitioners we all have multiple identities which we take into practice. Not only do these come in from our previous experiences, but also our responsibilities as professionals, agents of the states, as employees and of course as statutory creation created to fulfil a role. Indeed, critical practice assists practitioners highlight how their self has been impacted upon from each of these identities and permits the us to make decisions, along with the service user, that are more likely to produce a more productive, and effective, outcome for all.In engaging in critical practice I have been able to identify significant factors which may have contributed to a better outcome. Whether Johns participation in bo xing contributed to his re-engagement in criminal activities cannot be realistically measured. However, what is certain is John was disempowered in-so-far as he should have been fully informed. It is clear that none of the three domains of critical practice isolated can work independently, however, the careful and intentional synthesis of values, experiences, evidence and knowledge along with an awareness of structural disadvantage caused by agencies can all have a positive impact on the self and ultimately a practitioners power to challenge practice.I misplaced my power as a morally active practitioner and permitted the Social Worker to make a judgement based on instinct. I could have researched the potential issues of boxing and provided John with more in-depth information in a format he would understand. However, as practitioners we have an obligation to learn from our experiences because a critical practitioner who is engaged with their self is more likely to succeed in becoming a transformational practitioner.

Comparing the Novel and Film Versions of Elizabeth Bowen’s The Heat of the Day :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

Comparing the Novel and Film Versions of Elizabeth Bowens The groove of the DayWhen reading Elizabeth Bowens 1949 novel, The Heat of the Day, and then, viewing the movie by the same title, large and small differences are noted. These differences are enough to make both the reading and the viewing interesting and not a boring duplication. When comparing the opening sequences, the differences are striking. Bowens story begins with the interaction between the mysterious Harrison and the determined woman, Louie, in Regents park the screenwriters version establishes all the characters and places the stories events into a chronological order that changes the impact of the scene. By discussing the opening scenes in each media it becomes apparent that Elizabeth Bowen has more trust in her audience than the screenwriter has in his. Bowen assumes that the reader is capable of comprehending the introductory scenes when written from the view of the sound judgements eye. The screenwrite r lacks confidence in his viewer and finds it necessary to lose the cloak and dagger impact in order to make sure the story is understood. Elizabeth Bowens writing is very descriptive. She takes neat pains to ensure that her reader sees the environment in which her characters dwell as well as having a clear picture of the personalities and characteristics of each individual. In Chapter nonpareils opening two sentences, Bowen perfectly paints a portrait of autumn in Londons Regents Park. The readers mind easily drifts into an autumn mood and remembers fond times of his life when the leaves gently floated down from trees overhead attempting to cover the earth in a riot of color. As Chapter One continues, Bowen establishes her venue in the park describing the open-air theatre with its walled thickets and tall trees, musicians performing the music of waltzes, marches and overtures, and the varying nationalities of people in attendance, not reasonable the English but visitors too. It is at this point that the reader first discovers the comic elements that will be hidden throughout within the perplexing story. Bowen writes, mothers tired of being mothers forgot their children as their children forgot them one held her baby as though it had been a doll and then goes on to say, these were the English (4-5). Here is the dry tongue-in-cheek British brainpower that brings a quiet giggle to the surface or a smile to the face.

The Problem Of Domestic Violence :: Violence Against Women Essays

A trouble has become known and to many, they feel that its about timethat the general public has taken notice. This problem has been a taboo forcenturies and in the mid nineties it has chosen to let itself be known, theproblem that I am talking about is domestic violence, it has ruined families,and demoralised the victims for geezerhood and now because of the "trial of thecentury" we finally are allowed to discuss it in detail, without fear ofreprisal, now we blend in to familiarize ourselves with it and eventually after weget to know all about it we can, done treatment, get rid of it. In this written report, I will discuss problems with the so called pestilent of domestic violence.     This entire paper will be about domestic violence, and because of that Ifeel it is important to note that "in most families men and women do not engagein physically abusive behavior" (The Brown U.), but because the media feels thatit is their public duty to de ceive us into believing that this problem is an"epidemic" (Domestic V.) we feel that, that is the case. Websters dictionarydefines epidemic as "a rapid spreading of a disease to many people at the sametime", this is not the case with domestic violence, sensation it didnt just happenovernight, it has just been popularized overnight, domestic violence has beengoing on from as far back as anyone can remember and probably farther than that,and two, this is not affecting many people at the same timem, because, as Ivestated before, "in most families men and women do not engage in physicallyabusive behavior". If you as the reader gets anything out of this paper, it isimportant to me as the writer, that you find that, while domestic violence is amajor problem for some families, it is by no means an epidemic.     The major reason domestic violence has become so widespread over thelast couple of years is because of the O. J. Simpson trial, as one person put it"the O. J. Simpson case would do for domestic violence what Anita Hill did forsexual harassment" (Domestic V.). The trial of the century brought a more thanneeded attention to a issue that for too long was pushed to the back burnerdomestic violence was a major issue in the case and it became evident, throughthe mass publicity of the case, that women werent crying wolf all these years,because of "the murder of Nicole Brown ... the media would focus squarely on and